XIS PAJ HaZ oL XU DETALZ UV HoW NQaLF WRKS & XU REZUNING BEHiND XU COESIZ i MAD TQ URiV aT XIS SeT UV LeTRZ.
EVN XO ITS INTeNDID MANLE FOR SPeLING REFORMRZ aND UXRZ HQ HaV SUM NoLIJ UV LINGWISTIKS, i WIL TRi NoT TQ RELi oN JoRGN TQ eKSPLAN eNExING. EVN SO, i WIL SToRT WIx U GLoSURE XaT INKLQDZ SUM KoMUN LINGWISTIK TRMZ. NUXING oN XIS PAJ IZ NEDID TQ YQZ NQaLF WIx KUMPLET PROFIsINSE, BUT PEPL HQ oR FaMILYR WIx STaNDRD LINGWISTIK xEREZ & XE I.P.a. oFTeN HaV SUM DIFIKULTE UJUSTING XeR PRSPeKTIV.

GLoSURE

SoWND, FONEM, SoWND PaTRN RANJ
XEZ oL MEN XU SAM xING HER: U SMoL RANJ UV VOKL SoWNZ XaT PEPL HIR aZ U BASIK IRIDQSUBL KUMPONINT UV SPEC.

VoWL
U YQNEK SoWND XaT KaN BE MAD KUNTINYQUSLE WIxoWT VeREAsN. U SoWND WIxoWT U BEGINING OR eND.

KoNSONaNT
U YQNEK SoWND WIxoWT U MIDL.

DIFxoNG
2 SoWNZ XaT NaCRULE KUMBiN TQ MAK U 3RD SoWND WeN SPOKIN aT NORML SPEC SPEDZ. i IZ XE ONLE SoWND XaT FITS XIS DeFUNIsN.

I.P.a.
INTRNasUNL PRONoWNSEAsN aLFUBeT. U LoRJ KULeKsN UV SIMBLZ XaT LINGWISTS YQZ TQ iDeNTIFi oL XU SoWNZ YQZD IN HYQMIN SPEC. SIMILR TQ XU PRONoWNSEAsN GiD IN U DIKsUNeRE.

eLUMINS UV INGLIs SPeC
XU SoWNZ WE YQZ TQ SPEK XU WRDZ UV INGLIs. XIS IZ U SUBSeT UV XU SoWNZ YQZD TQ SPEK oL HYQMIN LaNGWIJIZ, WIC IZ U SUBSeT UV oL XU SoWNZ WE KaN MAK WIx oWR NaCURUL VOKL EKWIPMeNT.

DiGRaF
XU KoMUN PRaKTIS IN MeNE SPeLING SISTMZ UV MAKING U RQL XaT USiNZ U xRD SoWND TQ 2 LeTRZ IN SEKWINS. SH = s FOR eGZaMPL.

DiUKRITIK
aN UNKUNeKTID MoRK UBUV U LeTR XaT CANJIZ IT INTQ U DIFRINT SoWND

LIGICR
2 LeTRZ SKRUNCT TQGeXR TQ RePREZeNT U SoWND. Q FOR eGZaMPL

aKSeNT
XE INFLQINS UV U PRSNZ NATIV LaNGWIJ oN XeR PRONoWNSEAsN UV UNUXR LaNGWIJ.

DiULeKT
U VeREAsN UV PRONoWNSEAsNZ Bi GRQPS UV NATIV SPEKRZ WIxIN XU SAM LaNGWIJ. YQjYULE XU REZULT UV JEOGRaFIK iSOLAsN.

aSKE
XU ReGYQLR SPeLING UV XIS IZ aKsULE aN aKRONIM. MOST PEPL WuDNT ReKUGNiZ IF ITS KUMPONINT WRD INIsLZ WR TRaNZLATID INTQ NQaLF. UMeRIKIN STaNDRD KOD FOR INFORMAsN INTRCANJ: USKII.

HISTORE

sIKoGO, 1966. IN XE RLE WEKS UV FRST GRAD, SUM TiM aFTR WED SToRTID LRNING XE aLFUBeT, MIS MODeRE BEGaN XU DAZ LeSUN Bi RiTING XU WRD "GATE" oN XU BLaKBORD, eKSPLANING HoW XU LeTRZ WeNT TQGeXR TQ MAK XU WRD. i RAZD Mi HaND & aSKT "WUT UBoWT XE E?". "ITS SiLINT" sE SeD. BUT XIS 'eKSPLINAsN' WUZNT GuD INUF FOR ME, SO i aSKT UGeN. "ITS SiLINT!" sE REPETeD IMPAsINTLE. STIL NoT GuD INUF SO i SeD "IF ITS SiLINT, Wi NoT MAK IT INVIZUBL?" eVREBUDE LaFT eKSePT MIS MODeRE. SO BEGaN U sORT KURER aZ XU KLaS KLoWN & U LiF LoNG DISDAN FOR oxORITE. i LRND TRUDisUNL SPeLING ULoNG WIx eVREBUDE eLS, BUT oLSO MAD UP U LeS SKaTR BRAN SPeLING XaT i YQZD FOR Mi ON RiTINGZ. IT WUZ FoR FRUM PRFIKT, BUT IT aT LEST SRVD TQ KEP Mi MiND FRUM UBZORBING XU STINK UV TRUDIsUNL INGLIs.

NORxLAK, 1989. MeNE UV XU PEPL i WRKT WIx WR IMIGRINS & aT LEST HaF UV XeM KuDNT RED, EVIN IF XAD BIN HER FOR DEKADZ. i REULiZD XaT XA DIDNT HaV XU TiM, eNRJE aNDOR MOTIVAsN TQ WAD XRQ oL XU KUNFYQjN. XU PoPYQLR REFRAN 'IF YR GUNU LIV IN UMeRIKU, LRN XU LaNGWIJ!' POENTS XU FINGR UV BLAM IN XU RoNG DiReKsN; NATIV INGLIs YQZRZ oR XU LAZE WUNZ FOR NoT ORGaNiZING XU SPeLING. i REULiZD XaT U SIMPL 1 LeTR PR SoWND SPeLING XaT WUZ FeRLE KLOS TQ ReGYQLR INGLIs WuD GO U LoNG WA TQ BRIJ XU GaP.

IT ONLE TuK U WEK TQ KUM UP WIx U SISTUM aND XeN TeST IT oN U VURiITE UV NATIV INGLIs YQZRZ & IMIGRaNS. XU FRST VRjN YQZD ONLE XE eGZISTING LeTRZ & TOTULE FLoPT. NOBUDE KuD RED XU TeST PaRUGRaF. BaK TQ XU JRoING BORD, RExINK, REDIZiN, RETeST, REFiN, RETeST, REFiN. WIxIN U FYQ MUNXS i HaD SUMxING XaT KuD BE ReD Bi eNEBUDE HQ NYQ ReGYQLR INGLIs, YeT STUK TQ XU 1 LeTR = 1 SoWND RQL. aFTR ToSING URoWND U HaNDFUL UV oBVEUS NAMZ, SUC aZ 'UMeRIKIN INGLIs', 'EZE INGLIs', 'SIMPLSPeL', i FiNLE SeTLD oN 'NYQ aLFUBeT' aND SPReD URoWND KoPEZ UV U HaND RITN LIST UV XU LeTRZ WIx SaMPL WRDZ.

NEDLIS TQ SA, IT DIDNT GO eNEWeR. i HaD NO KUNeKsNZ XaT KuD GeT IT PUBLISiZD aND XE INTRNeT WUZ STIL JUST U DIM GLO oN XU HORiZN. OVR XU 90Z i YQZD XU SISTUM MiSeLF & UKAjNULE ROT STUF FOR FReNZ WIx IT aND MAD U FYQ REFiNMINS TQ SUM LeTRZ.

WUKoNDU, 1999. i JOEND AoL. XE INTRNeT WUZ RELE HER NoW. XU WRLD WUZ GeTING KUNeKTID. i NYQ XaT XIS IZ WUT MAKS SPeLING REFORM PoSIBL. i NEDID TQ FiND oWT IF eNEBUDE WUZ WRKING oN XIS oLReDE & IF XeR WR eNE SISTUMZ aZ GuD OR BeTR XaN MiN. IN UDIsN TQ U HaNDFL UV WEBPAJIZ oFRRING REFoRM PRUPOZLZ, i FoWND XU SIMPLIFiD SPeLING SOSiITE, XE UMeRIKIN LITURISE KoWNSL aND XU MUXRLOD, STEV BeTS SoWNDSPeL DISKUsN GRQP.

HER WUZ U HOL KUMYQNITE UV SPeLING REFORMRZ, oL ToWTING XU VRCYQZ UV XeR SISTUMZ & DEBATING eVRE LITL DETAL UV REFORM. i MAD XU FRST WeBPAJ TQ PRUMOT XU SISTUM, BUT IT WUZ ONLE U TiNE LITL AoL HOMPAJ.

SUMWeN URoWND 2001 Mi BeST FReND STEV Rox NaGD ME INTQ MAKING XU PIKsR/LeTR/SoWND CoRTS XaT KaN RELE GeT XU SISTUM INTQ XU HeDZ UV PRE-LITURIT KIDZ & FORINRZ HQ SPEK INGLIs BUT KaNT RED IT. SINS XeN iV MAD XU WeBSiT, XU ToKING PIKsRZ KDROMZ, MAD MOR CORTS aND HaV SeNT xoWZINZ UV KDZ & PRINTID CoRTS oL OVR XU WRLD.

LoJIK

XU FRST xING YQ NED TQ DQ TQ GeT U KLER UNDRSTaNDING UV NQaLF IZ XaT IT RePREZeNTS XU VRBL SoWNZ WE HIR , NoT XU MOsNZ UV oWR SPEC ORGINZ. XIS IZ XE oPOZIT UV XU PRSPeKTIV TAKIN Bi LINGWISTS, XU I.P.a. & eVRE UXR FONeTIK SPeLING REFORM SISTM i HaV SEN. IT KUMPLETLE BiPaSIZ XU NUSeSITE UV MAKING oL SORTS UV FoGE DISIjNZ oN WeXR OR NoT SUM POZIsN OR aKsUN UV XU SPEC ORGINZ KoNSTITQTS U YQNEK SPEC SoWND.

Bi DEZiNING NQaLF FRUM XIS PRSPeKTIV, oL i HaD TQ DQ WUZ USiN U LeTR TQ EC UV XU SoWND PaTRN RANJIZ XaT XE aVRIJ PRSN PRSEVZ aZ XE eLUMINS UV INGLIs SPEC. XIS IZ HoW i WUZ ABL TQ URiV aT U VeRE KLERLE DEFiND GRQP UV ONLE 34 LeTRZ, INSTeD UV 38 TQ 50 FoWND IN MOST UXR SISTMZ.

XU NeKST xING IZ TQ FORGeT LoNG, sORT, OPIN, KLOZD, SKINE & FaT VoWLZ, DIFxoNGZ, KoNSONINS aND WUTeVR UXR KaTIGOREZ YQ HaV BIN ToT TQ KLaSIFi XU LeTRZ INTQ. NoT ONLE DQ XEZ KoNSePS NoT UPLi TQ NQaLF LoJIK, XA NeVR HeLPT eNEBUDE SPeL KOReKLE IN TRUDIsUNL INGLIs EXR.

XU EZEIST WA TQ UNDRSTaND NQaLF IZ TQ xINK UV EC LeTR aZ U DEViS XaT DUZ ONLE 1 xING; IT MAKS U SINGL YQNEK SoWND. xINK UV NQaLF aZ U KULeKsN UV GIRZ, LeVRZ, SKRQZ, NUTS, eTS. U WRD IZ XeRFOR U MUsEN XaTS MAD UV WUN OR MOR UV XEZ DEViSIZ. IT IZ IMPORTINT TQ UNDRSTaND XaT U WRD IZ aN UNINTURUPTID SEKWINS UV SoWNZ. XeR IZ oFTIN NO POENT WeR WUN SoWND KLERLE eNZ & XU NeKST BEGINZ.

(XU LeTR 'I' WUZ SLaNTID IN 2 PLASIZ ONLE TO VIjYQLE SePURAT IT FRUM aN UJASINT LeTR)

U MOR aKYURIT aNaLUJE IZ TQ XINK UV YOR SPEC ORGaNZ (INKLQDING YOR BRAN) aZ U TiP UV PLAR. INSTeD UV TAP OR DISC OR WUDeVR, XU REKORDING MEDEU IZ LeTRZ. YoR BRAN KUNTANZ U SeT UV 34 LITL PROGRaMZ XaT oR aKTIVATID Bi XeR KORISPoNDING LeTR. EC PROGRaM WIL KUNFIGYR & oPURAT XU SPEC ORGINZ IN U YQNEK WA TQ PRUDQS XU DIZiRD SoWND.

XeR oR FIZIKL LIMITS TQ HoW aKYURITLE oWR SPeC ORGaNZ KaN ReNDR eNE KoMBINAsN UV LeTRZ. WeN YQ SPEK U WRD, XU SPEC ORGaNZ MUST BE RaPIDLE TRaNZIsND xRQ U SEREZ UV KUNFIGYRasNZ. WE NaCRULE oLTR EC KUNFIGYRAsN IN ORDR TQ MAK XU TRaNZIsN MOR EFIsINT. WE MA EVIN YQZ aN eNTiRLE DIFRINT KUNFIGYRAsN TQ PRODQS U SoWND. XIS IZ XU MAN REZUN XU STaNDRD LINGWISTIK PRSPeKTIV RUNZ INTQ TRUBL. XeR oR MeNE WAZ EC POZIsN KuD BE oLTRD, HUNDRIDZ UV TRaNZEINT POZIsNZ & oFTIN MOR XaN 1 WA TQ PRODQS U SoWND. XU REKORDING (XU SPeLING) DUZ NoT NED TQ sO eNE UV XIS. XU PLAR ONLE NEDZ TQ BE TOLD WIC SoWNDZ oR REKWiRD. XE USeMBLD WRD IZ XeN HRD KLERLE.

i HaV FoWND XaT PEPL HQ HaV STUDED LINGWISTIKS HaV U HoRD TiM aKSePTING XIS, SO HIRZ UNUxR aNGL oN IT: PaRITS ToK. SPEC KUMZ oWT UV eLeKTRIKLE PoWRD SPEKRZ. SIMPL MeKaNIKL DEViSIZ KaN PRODQS SPEC SoWNZ. oBVEUSLE XU TRMINoLUJE UV LINGWISTIKS DUZNT WRK IN XEZ KASIZ, YeT XU FONEMZ oR BEING PRODQST.

PEPL TeND TQ DQ xINGZ WIx U MINIMUM UV eFRT. SPEC IZ NO eKSePsN. WE NaCRULE TRi TQ ToK aT U STeDE SPED & WIL DQ eNExING WE KaN TQ REDQS XE eFRT & STIL PRUDQS aN aKSePTUBL PRONoWNSEAsN. LOWR eFRT SoWNZ WIL BE SUBSTITQTID, U DIFRINT SoWND WIL BE YQZD TQ MAK aN EZER TRaNZIsN BETWEN XU PREVEUS OR NeKST SoWND. WE WIL EVIN DRoP eNTiR SILUBLZ. (LISIN KLOSLE TQ HoW MeNE PEPL SA PRoBLE IN NORML KoNVRSAsN)

XIS IZ WUT i KoL XU SPED UV SPEC FaKTOR. WE DONT NED TQ BE VeRE aKYURIT OR KUNSISTINT IN SULeKTING XU LeTRZ WE SPeL WIx aZ LoNG aZ XU LeTR KoMBINAsN sOZ aN aKSePTUBL PRONoWNSEAsN. UNLeS YQ oR DULIBRITLE SPeLING IN U DiULeKT OR aKSeNT, WRDZ WIL SoWND PRITE MUC XU SAM WIx U VURiITE UV SPeLINGZ. eLUFINT, FOR eGZaMPL, KuD BE SPeLT aZ eLIFINT, eLIFaNT, eLUFaNT, eLUFNT OR eLIFNT. IF SUMWUN IZ REDING eNE UV XEZ SPeLINGZ ULoWD IN U SeNTINS, NO WUN WuD NOTIS eNExING UNYQjYQL.

eNE SeT UV SIMBLZ KuD SRV XU PRPUS UV RePREZeNTING XU SoWNZ. IF WE WR SToRTING FRUM SKRaC WIx U LaNGWIJ XaT PREVEUSLE HaD NO SPeLING, WE WuD SIMPLE MAK EC LeTR aZ EFIsINT & YQNEK aZ PoSIBL.

XIS IZ NoT XU KAS WIx INGLIs. WE KuD STIL DQ XaT, BUT XeR oR MAJYR aDVaNTIJIZ TQ RETANING aZ MUC UV XE eGZISTING aLFUBeT aZ PoSIBL WIxoWT KoMPRIMiZING MOR IMPORTINT KUNSIDURAsNZ.

XU BIGIST aDVaNTIJ IZ FOR PEPL HQ LRN TQ SPeL NQaLF BEFOR OR INSTeD UV TRUDIsUNL SPeLING. XA WIL BE ABL TO RiT STUF XaT NIRLE eNEBUDE HQ ONLE NOZ TRUDIsUNL KaN RED. PLUS XA WIL HaV MeNE SIMILaRITEZ TQ HeLP XeM WEN OR IF XA WoNT TQ LRN XE OLD SPeLING.

KUMPaTUBILITE WIL DRaSTIKLE DEKRES XU REZISTINS PEPL WIL HaV TQ NQaLF. XA GeT U FELING UV UKoMPLIsMINT WeN XA FiND XA oR SMoRT ENUF TQ PUZL XeR WA xRQ SUMxING RITN IN NQaLF BEFOR XA HaV aKsYQLE STUDED XU SISTM. XIS IMEDEIT REWORD IZ VeRE eNKURIJING & WIL DISPeL XU NOsN XaT U NYQ SPeLING WuD REKWiR XeM TQ REPET XU DRUJURE XA WeNT XRQ IN GRaMR SKQL.

U BIG MISTAK MOST REFORMRZ MAK IZ TQ YQZ XIS REZUNING TQ JUSTIFi U SISTUM XaT RETANZ SO MUC UV XE OLD SPeLING XaT PEPL KaN RED IT WIx NO TRUBL. XA SToRT WIx U FLoD FILoSUFE UV UPEZMeNT IN PLAS UV LoJIK & XUS FAL TQ KREAT SIMPLISITE, EFIsINSE, VRSITILITE & DRRUBILITE.

SUM UV YQ MA BELEV XEZ KoMPRIMiZIZ KuD BE YQZD TQ EZ XU TRaNZIsN TQ U xRD, MOR EFIsINT SPeLING SISTM. IN UXR WRDZ, DQ XU REFORM IN 2 STAJIZ. xINK UV HoW DIFIKULT IT IZ TQ KUNVINS PEPL XaT REFORM IZ NeSUSeRE NoW! HoW MUC MOR DIFIKULT WuD IT BE IF XE eGZISTING SISTM WUZNT SO BaD? PEPL WuD SAY 'ITS GuD ENUF' & 'ITS MUC BeTR XaN IT WUZ BEFOR, Wi suD WE GO xRQ XaT BIG HaSL UGeN?'. BE sR TQ RED XU sLoK TaNK SEREZ FOR MOR oN XIS SUBJeKT.
FULoSUFE

WUN UV Mi PeT PEVZ IZ PORLE DIZiND PRoDUKS.

SUM HaK eNJINER WRKING aT U BIG KUNGLoMURIT IZ TOLD TQ MAK U NYQ WIJIT OR PROGRaM. HE HATS HIZ JoB, SO JUST WoNS TQ GeT XU WRK OVR WIx aZ SQN aZ PoSUBL. HIZ HaK BoS IZ HaPE BEKUZ HE GoT XU JoB DUN IN 100 oWRZ INSTeD UV 500 LiK IT YQjYLE TAKS FOR xINGZ Li XIS. WUT HE FALZ TQ KUNSIDR IZ XaT MILYNZ UV PEPL WIL eND UP WASTING MILYNZ UV oWRZ KOPING WIx XU FoLTS BILT INTQ XU PRoDUKT.

KUNSIDR NQaLF aZ U PRoDUKT XaT WIL BE YQZD eVRE DA Bi BILYNZ UV KUSTUMRZ FOR HUNDReDZ OR MABE EVIN xoWZINZ UV YIRZ.

U LITL FOEBL XaT KoSTS aN aVURIJ UV 1 SeKND PR YIR PR KUSTUMR WIL TOTL HUNDReDZ UV YIRZ UV WASTID TiM eVRE YIR.

ITS oBVEUS XaT SPeNDING SUM TiM xINKING, DEZiNING, TeSTING & REFiNING WIL SAV eVREBUDE HYQJ UMoWNS UV TiM.

XU LeTRZ

XU FRST STeP IN KREATING eNE SISTM IZ TQ eSTaBLIs U SeT UV RQLZ TQ GiD YOR DISIjNZ. XEZ RQLZ MUST BE KLERLE USOsEATID WIx XU FUNKsUNL REKWiRMINTS UV XU SISTM. XA oR NO SUBSTITQT FOR IMaJINAsN! XeR JoB IZ TQ SePURAT YOR iDEUZ INTQ 3 JeNRL KaTIGOREZ:

1. iDEUZ XaT WIL MAK XU SISTM WRK.
2. BaD iDEUZ.
3. GuD iDEUZ XaT DONT MAK XU SISTM WRK.

XU RQLZ XaT GiDID XU KREAsN UV NQaLF oR IN DESeNDING ORDR UV PRiORITE.

1. 1 LeTR = 1 SoWND. XIS RQL IZ OBVEUSLE ESeNCL TQ XU LoNG RANJ DURUBILITE UV XU SISTM. aZ SQN aZ ITS KoMPRUMiZD, KAoS SToRTS ITS STeDE RiZ TQ DOMININS. TRiING TQ GeT eVREBUDE TO REMeMBR U BUNC UV eKSTRANEUS RQLZ IZ BoWND TQ FAL VeRE KWIKLE, EVIN WIxoWT XU DESTABLiZING eFeKS UV SOsL UPHEVLZ SUC aZ WORZ, TEKNULoJIKL ReVULQsN & NaCRUL DIZaSTRZ. SIMPLIFi, MaN !
2. USOsEAT eGZISTING LeTRZ WIx XeR MOST KoMN SoWND. XU BIGIST HRDL FOR U NQ SISTM IZ aKSePTINS Bi XU JeNRL PUBLIK. MAKING U BUNC UV UNeSUSeRE LeTR REUSiNMINS IZ XU SAM aZ SToRTING WIx U HOL NQ SeT UV LeTRZ; LaK UV KUMPaTUBILITE.
3. MINIMiZ XU NUMBR UV LeTRZ. XU MAN REZULT UV XIS RQL IZ XE eLIMINAsN UV XU UPR/LOWR KAS KUNVeNsUN. XIS GRATLE eNHaNSIZ EZ UV LRNING & LoNG TRM DURUBILITE. XU LeS PEPL HaV TQ MeMORiZ, XU LeS Xa HaV TQ FORGeT. IT oLSO MAKS FYQCR EKWIPMeNT SIMPLR & MAKS NQaLF KUMPaTIBL WIx eGZISTING EKWIPMINT.


4. RETAN U SIMILR LuK TQ TRUDIsUNL INGLIs.
5. KEP NYQ LeTRZ SIMPL, YeT DISTINKT. XEZ 2 RQLZ oR U GiD TQ KREATING NQ LeTRZ. ITS VeRE HeLPFL IF U NYQ LeTR REZeMBLZ U DiGRaF XaT oFTIN RePREZeNTID XU SoWND, YeT YQ DONT WoNT TQ MAK MoNSTRoSITEZ WIx U HaF DUZIN STROKS XaT LuK LiK XA KUM FRUM MoNGOLEU. IN UXR WRDZ, MAK XeM aZ EZE TQ RiT & UV XU SAM BASIK STiL aZ XE eGZISTING LeTRZ.

i COZ XE UPR KAS LeTRZ BEKUZ XA oR oLMOST oLWAZ MOR DISTINKTIV XaN XU LOWR KAS WeN XA oRINT JUST BIGR VRjNZ. XIS MAKS XU TeKST MOR LiKLE TQ BE REDUBL UNDR aDVRS KUNDIsNZ & IT MAKS FOR U MUC KLENR LuK WeN eVRExING IZ oN XU SAM LeVL.

weN XeR oR NO FRXR REZUNZ XaN XIS, XU LeTR WIL BE FoLOWD Bi U <. HIR oR XU LeTRZ WIx XU REZNZ i SULeKTID XeM. PLEZ REFR TQ XU NQaLF PIKsRZ PAJ IF YOU DONT NO WIC SoWND IZ BEING INDIKATID

A SUM PEPL WuD oRGYQ XaT XIS SoWND IZ RELE 2 SoWNZ (U DIFxoNG). aKsYQLE IT KaN BE UPRoKSIMATID Bi eE, BUT IT KaN BE MAD KUNTINYQUSLE WIxoWT VeREAsN (U VoWL). ITS LeTR NAM IZ ITS SoWND, SO IT oLSO HaZ eKSULINT KUMPaTUBILITE.

a Wi NoT YQZ XU LOWR KAS A? XU PRoBLUM IZ XaT BOx KoMN VRjNZ UV XU LETR oR TQ SIMILR TQ UXR LeTRZ. WUN CaN EZULE BE MISTAKIN FOR aN o OR 0 & XE UXR LuKS LiK aN UPSiD DoWN LOWR KAS G OR U BaKWRD 6. XU a LeTR IZ oLSO ReDULE ReKUGNiZD aND USOsEATID WIx ITS SoWND. ITS aKsYQLE oLReDE IN YQS! (SaTRN KoR KUMPINE LOGO FOR eGZaMPL)

B <

C XIS LeTR IZ oLReDE HaF XU CH DIGRaF, PLUS IT DUZ OKAjUNULE MAK XU SoWND WIxoWT BEING FoLOWD Bi aN H. XU LeTR IZ VeRE DISTINKT & EZE TQ RiT.

D <

E XU LeTR IZ NAMD Bi ITS SoWND & ITS oLSO VeRE KoMUNLE PoRT UV SUM KUNFIGYRAsN UV LeTRZ XaT MAK XU SoWND.

e XIS LeTR IZ DISTINKT ENUF FRUM E YeT STIL iDeNTIFiUBL aZ XU LeTR USOsEATID WIx XU UXR SoWND e MOST KOMUNLE MAKS.

F <

G <

H <

I oLXO XIS LeTR CaN BE KUNFYQZD FOR U 1 OR JUST U RaNDUM LiN, IT HaZ U VeRE SoLID USOsEAsN WIx XIS SoWND. PLUS ITS VeRE EZE TQ RiT.

i XU LeTR IZ NAMD Bi ITS SoWND. IT IZ oLSO XE ONLE SoWND IN NQaLF XaT IZ aKsYQLE 2 SoWNZ & XUS XE ONLE 2 PES LeTR. XIS WuD SEM TQ ViOLAT XU 1 LeTR=1SoWND RQL. BUT XU FaKT IZ XaT WE HIR XIS aZ U SINGL SoWND WeN ITS IN U WRD SPoKIN aT NORML SPeDZ. XE ONLE WA WE KaN SePURAT IT INTQ ITS KUMPONINTS, o E, IZ Bi SLOWING DoWN REKORDINGZ OR Bi UTeMTING TQ SA IT WA SLOWR XaN NORML.

J <

j i COZ U MoDIFiD J BEKUZ XIS SoWND IZ VeRE KLOS TQ J. YQ KaN EVN SUBSTITQT IT WIx J & XU WRDZ oR STIL ReKUGNiZUBL.

K <

L <

M <

N <

o MeNE eKSTREMLE KoMN WRDZ YQZ XIS LeTR FOR XIS SoWND, XeRFOR ITS VeRE LiKLE XaT PEPL WIL iDeNTIFi IT WIx ITS SoWND VeRE KWIKLE. eGZAMPLZ: SToP oN oF GoT LoK KLoK NoK.

O MeNE PEPL HaV aT LEST U VAG UWeRNIS UV PRONoWNSEAsN KEZ & XA oL sO XIS SoWND Bi U HORIZoNTL LiN OVR aN o.

P <

Q DUBL o IZ VeRE SoLIDLE USOsEATID WIx XIS SoWND, SO i JUST MAD U DUBL o LeTR. ITS KEBORD LOKAsN & aSKE SUBSTITQT REFLeKT Mi INIsL UTeMT TQ YQZ 'KYQ' FOR XIS SoWND.

YQ WIL NOTIS XaT XIS LeTR IZ NoT oN XU NQaLF CoRTS, EVIN XO XeR IZ U FeRLE DISTINKT SoWND IN UMeRIKIN BRoDKaST KWoLITE INGLIs, YQjYLE RePREZeNTID Bi AU OR AW IN ReGYQLR SPeLING. XeR oR 3 IMPORTINT REZUNZ IN FAVR UV OMITING IT.

1. XU SoWND IZ VeRE SIMILR aT NORML SPEC SPED TQ 'o'. SO SIMILR IN FAKT, XaT MOST NATIV SPEKRZ WIL ReGYQLRLE INTRCANJ XeM OR UTR SUMxING IN BETWEN XU 2. SO eKSPaNDING XU SoWND PaTRN RANJ KUVRD Bi XE 'o' ELIMINATS XU NeKST 2 PRoBLUMZ aZ WeL aZ REDQSING XU NUMBR UV LeTRZ TQ BE MeMORiZD.

2. U BIG PRoBLUM IZ MAKING U LeTR FOR XIS XaT NATIV REDRZ WIL ReKUGNiZ. XU WUN sON IZ BAST oN U SIMPL LOWR KAS A + U, IT WRKS VeRE WeL FOR ReKUGNIsN, BUT aZ YQ KaN SE, IT LuKS VeRE MUC LiK U BaKWRDZ 'u' & XE oLTRNUTIV KoMBINAsN UV U LOWR KAS A + W WuD BE REDIKYQLUSLE WiD. IN UDIsN, XE ONLE REZUNUBL aSKE SUBSTITQT FOR IT IZ XU LOWR KAS KYQ, WIC LuKS TQ MUC LiK U LOWR KAS G.

3. XU BIGIST PRoBLUM IZ FoWND IN XU FULoSUFE SeKsN UBUV: WUT HaPINZ IF WE HaV 2 LeTRZ XaT RePREZeNT 2 SoWNZ XaT oR SO KLOS FORINRZ KaNT HIR XU DIFRINS & EVIN NATIV INGLIs SPEKRZ YQZ XeM INTRCANJUBLE? aND WUT IF WE HaV 2 LeTRZ XaT LuK SO SIMULR XaT XA oR oFTeN KUNFYQZD? HoW MUC TiM WIL JAN, JoN, HOZA, SaNG, WuLFGaNG, SaNJiU & GRILIK WAST PoNDURING WIC SoWND XA HRD OR WIC LeTR TQ YQZ? XIS IZ U PRoDUKT FLo XaT KuD EZULE KoST MeNE MINITS PR KUSTUMR eVRE YIR FOR SeNCUREZ!

HoWeVR, FYQCR FoNS WIL INKLQD XU LeTR TQ UKoMIDAT PEPL HQ WoNT TQ DIFUReNCEAT XU 2 SoWNZ. eVN XO IT WIL KoZ XU PRoBLUMZ MeNsND, HaVING PEPL REZORT TQ DiGRaFS WuD BE aN UNaKSePTUBL BREC UV XU MOST IMPORTINT PRINSIPL. WIx U LITL LUK, XU 2 SoWNZ WIL KUMPLETLE MRJ aND XU LeTR WIL BE FORGoTeN.

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s XIS LeTR SIMPLE TAKS XU HORIZoNTL LiN FRUM XU H & PuTS IT INTQ XU FRST LeTR UV XU DiGRaF XaT NORMULE RePREZeNTS XU SoWND.

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U oLXO UXR LeTRZ (YQjYLE A) oFTIN MAK XIS SoWND, XIS IZ XE ONLE WUN XaT HaZ eNE KLER USOSEAsN WIx IT. MeNE KoMN SIMPL WRDZ YQZ IT. eGZaMPLZ: UP BUDE RUN FUN LUK MUD CUMP

u XIS IZ U & o KUMBiND. ITS DERiVD FRUM WRDZ SUC aZ: suD, WuD, KuD. i ORIJINULE HaD IT XE UXR WA, o & U, BUT i FIGYRD XeR WR TQ MeNE LeTRZ IN XE 'o GRQP'. REVRSING IT DIDNT REDQS ReKUGNiZUBILITE aT oL.

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x IT WuD SEM TQ MAK SeNS TQ JUST MAK U LeTR XaT LuKS LiK U T KUMBiND WIx aN H. XE ONLE PRoBLM IZ RQL 4; IT LuKS VeRE INKoNGRQINT WIx XE UXR LeTRZ. IN UDIsN, XIS LeTR IZ VeRE DISTINKT & EZE TQ RiT. IT WuD BE U sAM TQ XRO IT UWA.

X XU Hi FREKWINSE UV XU WRD 'XU' IN MOST RiTING MAKS IT VeRE EZE FOR PEPL TQ GeT XIS LeTR xRQ KoNTeKST. IT oLSO KLQZ XeM INTQ XU x. i DEBATID FOR U LoNG TiM UBoWT XE EFIsINSE FaKTR. SINS XIS SoWND/LeTR WIL BE YQZD WA MOR XaN XU x, IT MAKS SeNS TQ YQZ XU SIMPLR UV XU 2. XU REZN i DID IT XIS WA IZ TQ MANTAN U KUNSISTINT LoJIK WIx XU ReST UV XU LeTRZ; XU MOR KoMPLEKS SoWND IN U PeR UV SIMILR OR USOsEATID SoWNZ HaZ U LeTR WIx U MOR KoMPLeKS sAP.

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SINS NQaLF IZ BEING PRUMOTID aZ aN INTRNasUNL SPeLING SISTUM, MOR LeTRZ WIL BE aDID IN FYQCR FoNT VRjNZ FOR KoMN FORIN SoWNS, eSPesLE WUNZ WIC oR oLReDE PoSUBLE WRKING XeR WA INTQ INGLIs. IF YQ HaV eNE iDEUZ oN XIS, PLEZ KoNTaKT ME.

SeVRL PAJIZ LINK TQ XIS WUN. YQZ YOUR BaK BUTN, OR WUN UV XU LINKS BELO. XU NQaLF PIKsRZ LOGO GOZ TQ XU NQaLF SPeLING VRjN UV XU PIKsRZ PAJ. XU LeFT aRO TQ XU ReGYQLR INGLIs VRjN. XU RiT aRO GOZ TQ XU NeKST PAJ IN XU ReGYQLR INGLIs SEKWINS, WIC IZ XU PaRINT-TECR METING. XU DiVING WuMaN WIL TAK YQ TQ XU LaST PAJ UV XU BaTLZON sLoK TaNK, WIC WONT MAK MUC SeNS UNLeS YQV ReD eVRExING BEFOR IT.

( LaST UPDAT APRL 22, 2007 )